Page 24 - BASIC CONCEPTUAL OF THERMOFLUID

CHAPTER 2: FLUID APPLICATION

2.3.3 Buoyancy

Buoyancy is the upward force that an object feels from the water and when compared to the weight of the
object. Buoyant force is equal weight of displaced fluid

Fig. 6: Concept of Buoyancy

2.3.4 Flow Rate

The volume of liquid passing through a given cross-section in unit time is called the discharge. It is
measured in cubic meter per second, or similar units and denoted by Q. Fig. 7 below show types of
steady flow.

Turbulent
Flow

Types of
Laminar flow Uniform
Flow (Steady Flow
Flow)

Un-
uniform
Flow

Fig. 7: Types of flow

Mass flow rate the mass of fluid passing through a given cross section in unit time is called the mass flow
rate. It is measured in kilogram per second, or similar units and denoted by ṁ.

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