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TOPIC 3: ASTABLE MODE








                             PERIOD, T



                            The total period:


                                            T = TH + TL

                                               = 0.693 (RA + 2RB) C











                        FREQUENCY, F




                            The astable circuit’s frequency of oscillation:

                                             F =  1/T

                                             =  (1.44) / [ (RA+ 2RB)C ]












                        MARK TO SPACE RATIO



                       Timing resistors and capacitors in the circuit control when

                       the time output is high (the mark time) and when the time

                       output is low (the space time).



                       Mark to space ratio = Time High (TH)/Time Low (TL)

                                                         = TH : TL















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