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1.4 ELEMENTS IN PNEUMATICS WORKING SYSTEM
1.4.1 Cylinder
Cylinders are the most important means of actuation in pneumatics. The cylinder
transfers the energy that is stored in the compressed air into movement.
They can be classified by:
i. Design
ii. Movement
iii. Function
iv. Cushioning
We will look at the following characteristics:
i. Design
ii. Diameter and stroke
iii. Movement
iv. Number of positions
v. ISO symbols
vi. Cushioning
vii. Detection of cylinder position (magnetic)
viii. Speed control
1.4.2 Calculating pneumatic cylinder
Most of the cylinders with a piston rod contain the following parts: a tube that is closed
on both ends with a cap and head. Inside the tube seen below a piston rod moves with
a drive piston.
The movement of the piston is triggered by compressed air, controlled by a directional
valve. The direction is defined by the chamber into which compressed air is allowed
to flow inside the cylinder. The force is transferred by the piston rod.
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